Response to below DQ

Response to below DQ 150 words 1 scholary source 1 citation less than 5 years old

Kailee posted Dec 5, 2018 9:26 PM

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Approximately 12.3 million individuals in the United States older than 50 years are expected to have osteoporosis, by 2020 (Wright, et al, 2014). The incidence is much higher among women. Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by loss of bone mass, microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, and decline in bone quality leading to increased bone fragility and risk of fractures (Dunphy, Brown, & Porter, 2015). The World Health Organization defines osteoporosis as bone density that is at least 2.5 SDs below the mean bone density of a reference population, at peak bone mass, in the hip or spine (Kanis, 2007).

The Bone Density screening is recommended for women age 65 and above, as well as high risk women <60. Bone density screening is recommended every 1-2 years. The test is checking for osteoporosis. The most commonly used bone measurement test used to screen for osteoporosis is central dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA); other screening tests include peripheral DXA and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) according to the U.S. Preventative Service Task Force [USPSTF] (2018). Central DXA measures bone mineral density (BMD) at the hip and lumbar spine. Most treatment guidelines recommend using BMD measured by central DXA, to define osteoporosis and the treatment threshold to prevent osteoporotic fractures (USPSTF, 2018). By detecting osteoporosis, treatment of women with osteoporosis can provide at least a moderate benefit in preventing fractures.

Resources

Dunphy, L. M., Windland-Brown, J. E., Porter, B. O., & Thomas, D. J. (2015). Primary care: The art and science of advanced practice nursing (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis Company.

Kanis J. A. (2007) World Health Organization Scientific Group. Assessment of Osteoporosis at the Primary Health Care Level: Technical Report. Sheffield, UK: University of Sheffield;

Wright, N. C., Looker, A. C., Saag, K. G., et al. (2014). The recent prevalence of osteoporosis and low bone mass in the United States based on bone mineral density at the femoral neck or lumbar spine. J Bone Miner Res;29(11):2520-6.

U.S. Preventative Services Task Force (USPSTF). (2018). Final Recommendation Statement: Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures: Screening. Retrieved from https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page…