Week 6 Managerial accounting homework

Question 1

A family friend has asked your help in analyzing the operations of three anonymous companies operating in the same service sector industry. Supply the missing data in the table below: (Loss amounts should be indicated by a minus sign. Round your percentage answers to nearest whole percent and other amounts to whole dollars.)

Question 2

Selected sales and operating data for three divisions of different structural engineering firms are given as follows:

	Division A			Division B			Division C
Sales	$	15,250,000		$	35,250,000		$	25,250,000
Average operating assets	$	3,050,000		$	7,050,000		$	5,050,000
Net operating income	$	655,750		$	528,750		$	732,250
Minimum required rate of return		9.00	%		9.50	%		14.50	%

Required:

1. Compute the return on investment (ROI) for each division using the formula stated in terms of margin and turnover.

2. Compute the residual income (loss) for each division.

3. Assume that each division is presented with an investment opportunity that would yield a 10% rate of return.

a. If performance is being measured by ROI, which division or divisions will probably accept or reject the opportunity?

b. If performance is being measured by residual income, which division or divisions will probably accept or reject the opportunity?

Compute the return on investment (ROI) for each division using the formula stated in terms of margin and turnover. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)

	Margin Turnover ROI Division A % % Division B % % Division C % %

Compute the residual income (loss) for each division. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Loss amounts should be indicated by a minus sign.)

	Division A Division B Division C Residual income (loss)

Assume that each division is presented with an investment opportunity that would yield a 10% rate of return. If performance is being measured by ROI, which division or divisions will probably accept or reject the opportunity?

	Division A Division B Division C

Assume that each division is presented with an investment opportunity that would yield a 10% rate of return. If performance is being measured by residual income, which division or divisions will probably accept or reject the opportunity?

	Division A Division B Division C

Question 3

Financial data for Joel de Paris, Inc., for last year follow:

Joel de Paris, Inc. Balance Sheet
	Beginning Balance			Ending Balance
Assets
Cash	$	126,000		$	132,000
Accounts receivable		341,000			479,000
Inventory		565,000			488,000
Plant and equipment, net		878,000			851,000
Investment in Buisson, S.A.		390,000			429,000
Land (undeveloped)		255,000			247,000
Total assets	$	2,555,000		$	2,626,000
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Accounts payable	$	379,000		$	339,000
Long-term debt		954,000			954,000
Stockholders’ equity		1,222,000			1,333,000
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	2,555,000		$	2,626,000

Joel de Paris, Inc. Income Statement
Sales					$	4,053,000
Operating expenses						3,526,110
Net operating income						526,890
Interest and taxes:
Interest expense	$	120,000
Tax expense		193,000				313,000
Net income					$	213,890

The company paid dividends of $102,890 last year. The “Investment in Buisson, S.A.,” on the balance sheet represents an investment in the stock of another company. The company’s minimum required rate of return of 15%.

Required:

1. Compute the company’s average operating assets for last year.

2. Compute the company’s margin, turnover, and return on investment (ROI) for last year. (Round “Margin”, “Turnover” and “ROI” to 2 decimal places.)

3. What was the company’s residual income last year?

Question 4

Delta Company produces a single product. The cost of producing and selling a single unit of this product at the company’s normal activity level of 93,600 units per year is:

Direct materials	$	1.80
Direct labor	$	2.00
Variable manufacturing overhead	$	0.90
Fixed manufacturing overhead	$	4.25
Variable selling and administrative expenses	$	1.10
Fixed selling and administrative expenses	$	1.00

The normal selling price is $25.00 per unit. The company’s capacity is 118,800 units per year. An order has been received from a mail-order house for 2,100 units at a special price of $22.00 per unit. This order would not affect regular sales or the company’s total fixed costs.

Required:

1. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of accepting the special order?

2. As a separate matter from the special order, assume the company’s inventory includes 1,000 units of this product that were produced last year and that are inferior to the current model. The units must be sold through regular channels at reduced prices. What unit cost is relevant for establishing a minimum selling price for these units?

What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of accepting the special order?

As a separate matter from the special order, assume the company’s inventory includes 1,000 units of this product that were produced last year and that are inferior to the current model. The units must be sold through regular channels at reduced prices. What unit cost is relevant for establishing a minimum selling price for these units? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)

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	Relevant cost per unit

Question 5

Futura Company purchases the 69,000 starters that it installs in its standard line of farm tractors from a supplier for the price of $13.30 per unit. Due to a reduction in output, the company now has idle capacity that could be used to produce the starters rather than buying them from an outside supplier. However, the company’s chief engineer is opposed to making the starters because the production cost per unit is $13.80 as shown below:

	Per Unit			Total
Direct materials	$	7.00
Direct labor		2.80
Supervision		1.60		$	110,400
Depreciation		1.30		$	89,700
Variable manufacturing overhead		0.50
Rent		0.60		$	41,400
Total product cost	$	13.80

If Futura decides to make the starters, a supervisor would have to be hired (at a salary of $110,400) to oversee production. However, the company has sufficient idle tools and machinery such that no new equipment would have to be purchased. The rent charge above is based on space utilized in the plant. The total rent on the plant is $84,000 per period. Depreciation is due to obsolescence rather than wear and tear.

Required:

What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of making the 69,000 starters instead of buying them from an outside supplier?

Question 6

Andretti Company has a single product called a Dak. The company normally produces and sells 81,000 Daks each year at a selling price of $62 per unit. The company’s unit costs at this level of activity are given below:

Direct materials	$	7.50
Direct labor		11.00
Variable manufacturing overhead		2.50
Fixed manufacturing overhead		9.00	($729,000 total)
Variable selling expenses		2.70
Fixed selling expenses		3.50	($283,500 total)
Total cost per unit	$	36.20

A number of questions relating to the production and sale of Daks follow. Each question is independent.

Required:

1-a. Assume that Andretti Company has sufficient capacity to produce 97,200 Daks each year without any increase in fixed manufacturing overhead costs. The company could increase its unit sales by 20% above the present 81,000 units each year if it were willing to increase the fixed selling expenses by $110,000. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of investing an additional $110,000 in fixed selling expenses?

1-b. Would the additional investment be justified?

2. Assume again that Andretti Company has sufficient capacity to produce 97,200 Daks each year. A customer in a foreign market wants to purchase 16,200 Daks. If Andretti accepts this order it would have to pay import duties on the Daks of $3.70 per unit and an additional $8,100 for permits and licenses. The only selling costs that would be associated with the order would be $2.20 per unit shipping cost. What is the break-even price per unit on this order?

3. The company has 400 Daks on hand that have some irregularities and are therefore considered to be “seconds.” Due to the irregularities, it will be impossible to sell these units at the normal price through regular distribution channels. What is the unit cost figure that is relevant for setting a minimum selling price?

4. Due to a strike in its supplier’s plant, Andretti Company is unable to purchase more material for the production of Daks. The strike is expected to last for two months. Andretti Company has enough material on hand to operate at 25% of normal levels for the two-month period. As an alternative, Andretti could close its plant down entirely for the two months. If the plant were closed, fixed manufacturing overhead costs would continue at 35% of their normal level during the two-month period and the fixed selling expenses would be reduced by 20% during the two-month period.

a. How much total contribution margin will Andretti forgo if it closes the plant for two months?

b. How much total fixed cost will the company avoid if it closes the plant for two months?

c. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of closing the plant for the two-month period?

d. Should Andretti close the plant for two months?

5. An outside manufacturer has offered to produce 81,000 Daks and ship them directly to Andretti’s customers. If Andretti Company accepts this offer, the facilities that it uses to produce Daks would be idle; however, fixed manufacturing overhead costs would be reduced by 30%. Because the outside manufacturer would pay for all shipping costs, the variable selling expenses would be only two-thirds of their present amount. What is Andretti’s avoidable cost per unit that it should compare to the price quoted by the outside manufacturer?

Assume that Andretti Company has sufficient capacity to produce 97,200 Daks each year without any increase in fixed manufacturing overhead costs. The company could increase its unit sales by 20% above the present 81,000 units each year if it were willing to increase the fixed selling expenses by $110,000. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of investing an additional $110,000 in fixed selling expenses?

Assume that Andretti Company has sufficient capacity to produce 97,200 Daks each year without any increase in fixed manufacturing overhead costs. The company could increase its unit sales by 20% above the present 81,000 units each year if it were willing to increase the fixed selling expenses by $110,000. Would the additional investment be justified?

	Yes No

Assume again that Andretti Company has sufficient capacity to produce 97,200 Daks each year. A customer in a foreign market wants to purchase 16,200 Daks. If Andretti accepts this order it would have to pay import duties on the Daks of $3.70 per unit and an additional $8,100 for permits and licenses. The only selling costs that would be associated with the order would be $2.20 per unit shipping cost. What is the break-even price per unit on this order? (Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)

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	Break-even price per unit

The company has 400 Daks on hand that have some irregularities and are therefore considered to be “seconds.” Due to the irregularities, it will be impossible to sell these units at the normal price through regular distribution channels. What is the unit cost figure that is relevant for setting a minimum selling price? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)

	Relevant unit cost per unit

Due to a strike in its supplier’s plant, Andretti Company is unable to purchase more material for the production of Daks. The strike is expected to last for two months. Andretti Company has enough material on hand to operate at 25% of normal levels for the two-month period. As an alternative, Andretti could close its plant down entirely for the two months. If the plant were closed, fixed manufacturing overhead costs would continue at 35% of their normal level during the two-month period and the fixed selling expenses would be reduced by 20% during the two-month period. (Round number of units produced to the nearest whole number. Round your intermediate calculations and final answers to 2 decimal places. Any losses/reductions should be indicated by a minus sign.)

a. How much total contribution margin will Andretti forgo if it closes the plant for two months?
b. How much total fixed cost will the company avoid if it closes the plant for two months?
c. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of closing the plant for the two-month period?

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	Forgone contribution margin Total avoidable fixed costs Financial advantage (disadvantage)

Due to a strike in its supplier’s plant, Andretti Company is unable to purchase more material for the production of Daks. The strike is expected to last for two months. Andretti Company has enough material on hand to operate at 25% of normal levels for the two-month period. As an alternative, Andretti could close its plant down entirely for the two months. If the plant were closed, fixed manufacturing overhead costs would continue at 35% of their normal level during the two-month period and the fixed selling expenses would be reduced by 20% during the two-month period. Should Andretti close the plant for two months?

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	Yes No

An outside manufacturer has offered to produce 81,000 Daks and ship them directly to Andretti’s customers. If Andretti Company accepts this offer, the facilities that it uses to produce Daks would be idle; however, fixed manufacturing overhead costs would be reduced by 30%. Because the outside manufacturer would pay for all shipping costs, the variable selling expenses would be only two-thirds of their present amount. What is Andretti’s avoidable cost per unit that it should compare to the price quoted by the outside manufacturer? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)

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	Avoidable cost per unit